Gambaran Anemia Ibu Hamil di Kawasan ASEAN+1: Analisis Data Sekunder WHO dan World Bank Tahun 2000 - 2020

Tiffatul Jannah  Firdausya; Fitri Annisa; Syahrifah Aima; Asha Grace Sicilia Manalu

doi:10.65344/menu.v3i1.232

Authors

Tiffatul Jannah Firdausya Universitas Bhakti Asih Tangerang Author
Fitri Annisa Universitas Bhakti Asih Tangerang Author
Syahrifah Aima Universitas Bhakti Asih Tangerang Author
Asha Grace Sicilia Manalu Universitas Bhakti Asih Tangerang Author

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.65344/menu.v3i1.232

Keywords:

Anemia, Maternal, ASEAN, WHO, World Bank

Abstract

Maternal anemia remains a global health problem affecting maternal and neonatal outcomes. ASEAN+1 countries demonstrate substantial variations in anemia prevalence due to differences in socioeconomic conditions, healthcare access, and nutritional status. This study aimed to describe the prevalence of maternal anemia in ASEAN+1 countries using WHO and World Bank secondary data from 2000 to 2020. This study employed a quantitative ecological study design. Data were obtained from the WHO Global Health Observatory (GHO) and World Bank between 2000 and 2020. The unit analysis was country-level data, including all ASEAN countries and one partner country, Timor-Leste. The analyzed variable was maternal prevalence (%). Descriptive analysis was performed, and the results showed that maternal anemia prevalence in ASEAN+1 countries remained relatively high, ranging from 18,79% to 49,02%. Cambodia (49,02%) and Myanmar (47,62%) had the highest prevalence. Indonesia showed an average maternal anemia prevalence of 33,54%. Countries with lower economic status tended to have higher maternal anemia prevalence compared to countries with higher GDP per capita. This study highlights that maternal anemia remains a major maternal health problem in ASEAN+1 countries. Strengthening iron supplementation programs, culturally-based nutrition education, such as the consumption of moringa leaves in pregnant women, and antenatal care services are necessary to reduce maternal anemia prevalence.

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